# Linux

**CentOS**

```bash
#添加epel源
yum install epel-release
rpm -ivh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm

yum --enablerepo=remi install php74-php

yum --enablerepo=remi install php74-php php74-php-gd php74-php-xml php74-php-sockets php74-php-session php74-php-snmp php74-php-mysql

#运行并查看版本
php74 -v
#重启命令php-fpm
systemctl restart php74-php-fpm
#添加自动启动
systemctl enable php74-php-fpm
#查看php7.4的安装路径
whereis php
#链接php文件
ln -s /opt/remi/php74/root/usr/bin/php /usr/bin/php

# The current PHP memory limit is below the recommended value of 512MB.
vi /etc/opt/remi/php74/php.ini
memory_limit = 512M

#如果你运行的是nginx而不是apache，修改
vi /etc/opt/remi/php74/php-fpm.d/www.conf
user = apache
group = apache
# Replace the values with
user = nginx
group = nginx

#卸载php7.4
yum remove php74-php*

######################################################################
#获取rpm源
rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

yum list php*

yum install -y xxx

#####################################################################
#安装php
yum install php php-devel

#安装php扩展组件
yum install php-mysql php-gd php-imap php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc
```

**Ubuntu**

```bash
#安装php
#版本可选
sudo apt install php7.4
sudo apt install php7.2

#安装php扩展组件
sudo apt install php7.2-gd
sudo apt install php7.2-soap
sudo apt install php7.2-gmp    
sudo apt install php7.2-odbc       
sudo apt install php7.2-pspell     
sudo apt install php7.2-bcmath   
sudo apt install php7.2-enchant    
sudo apt install php7.2-imap       
sudo apt install php7.2-ldap       
sudo apt install php7.2-opcache
sudo apt install php7.2-readline   
sudo apt install php7.2-sqlite3    
sudo apt install php7.2-xmlrpc
sudo apt install php7.2-bz2
sudo apt install php7.2-interbase
sudo apt install php7.2-pgsql      
sudo apt install php7.2-recode     
sudo apt install php7.2-sybase     
sudo apt install php7.2-xsl
sudo apt install php7.2-cgi        
sudo apt install php7.2-dba 
sudo apt install php7.2-phpdbg     
sudo apt install php7.2-snmp       
sudo apt install php7.2-tidy       
sudo apt install php7.2-zip
```

**源码安装**

1、首先进行yum安装扩展

```bash
yum install -y libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel ncurses curl gdbm-devel libXpm-devel libX11-devel gd-devel gmp-devel expat-devel xmlrpc-c libicu-devel libmcrypt-devel
```

2、之后进行解压php

官网下载php.tar.gz文件

```bash
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.25.tar.gz --no-check-certificate

tar -zxvf php-7.4.25.tar.gz

cd php-7.4.25
```

3、编译安装,编译的时候可能会出现各种报错情况,下一篇主要写编译是常见的错误及解决办法:

```bash
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc \
--with-mysql \
--with-mysqli \
--with-mysql-sock \
--enable-pdo \
--with-pdo-mysql \
--with-gd \
--with-iconv  \
--with-curl \
--with-zlib \
--enable-xml \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-openssl \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-sockets \
--with-xmlrpc \
--enable-zip \
--enable-soap \
--without-pear \
--with-gettext \
--enable-session \
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-png-dir=/usr/local/pngp \
--with-bz2 \
```

4、编译成功后安装:

```bash
make && make install
```

5、安装成功后配置环境变量:

为了使用方便，可以在/etc/profile文件末尾添加php环境变量 ：

```bash
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php/bin

export PATH
```

6、保存后刷新环境变量:

```bash
source /etc/profile　　#更新
```

7、查看环境变量：

```bash
echo $PATH
```

8、看到php环境变量的路径后，以后就可以直接使用php命令了，查看php版本：

```bash
php -v
```

9、现在的PHP没有.ini文件和配置文件,还需要配置PHP-FPM:

```bash
cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
```

10、php-fpm的启动、停止和重启:

```bash
service php-fpm start　　	 	#启动
service php-fpm stop　　 		#停止
service php-fpm restart 	 #重启
```

安装成功后添加一个自定义根目录里面添加index.php文件。

# Windows

1、下载解压

需要下载线程安全的版本

https://windows.php.net/download/

```bash
php -v
```

2、将PHP作为一个模块提供给apache加载

LoadModule php7_module "PHP安装路径\php7apache2_4.dll" 在Apache中以module的方式加载PHP，“php7_module”中的“7”要和PHP的版本对应；此外，不同的PHP版本“php7apache2_4.dll”可能不同。

```bash
#文件D:\Program Files\Apache24\conf\httpd.conf

//添加
LoadModule php7_module "D:/Program Files/php/php7apache2_4.dll"
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

//修改
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
</IfModule>
```

3、加载php配置

将php.ini-development文件复制一份，并改名为php.ini.

4、设置时区

```bash
#php.ini(;为注释符)
[Date]
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; http://php.net/date.timezone
date.timezone = PRC
```

5、配置mysql模块

```bash
#php.ini
extension=php_mysqli.dll

#进入PHP安装目录，复制一份php.ini-development 改名为 php.ini 放到安装路径下，打开找到 ;extension_dir=ext，去掉注释符，将值改为 PHP安装路径\ext。
```

6、启动Apache服务器

```bash
httpd -t     #测试配置文件
httpd -M	 #查看加载的模块

httpd     	 #启动apache服务器
```


<!-- markdown for nginx, see https://phus.lu -->
<script>
!function(){
	var dom = {
		element: null,
		get: function (o) {
			var obj = Object.create(this)
			obj.element = (typeof o == "object") ? o : document.createElement(o)
			return obj
		},
		add: function (o) {
			var obj = dom.get(o)
			this.element.appendChild(obj.element)
			return obj
		},
		text: function (t) {
			this.element.appendChild(document.createTextNode(t))
			return this
		},
		attr: function (k, v) {
			this.element.setAttribute(k, v)
			return this
		}
	}

	if (!document.head) return
	head = dom.get(document.head)
	head.add('meta').attr('charset', 'utf-8')
	head.add('meta').attr('name', 'viewport').attr('content', 'width=device-width,initial-scale=1')

	if (!document.body) {
		document.write(["<div class=\"container\">",
		"<h3>nginx.conf</h3>",
		"<textarea rows=6 cols=50>",
		"# download markdown.html to /wwwroot",
		"location ~ \\.md$ {",
		"    default_type text/html;",
		"    add_after_body /markdown.html;",
		"}",
		"</textarea>",
		"</div>"].join("\n"))
		return
	}

	var bodytext = document.body.innerHTML
	document.body.innerHTML = ''

	div = dom.get('div').attr('class', 'container')

	div.add('script').attr('src', 'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/marked/0.5.2/marked.min.js').attr('integrity', 'sha256-zFUosuESzULu5P+SZdjRRtBZR8+1u5RZDlbt3Q5KL8U=').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous')
	div.add('link').attr('rel', 'stylesheet').attr('href', 'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/github-markdown-css/5.1.0/github-markdown-light.min.css').attr('integrity', 'sha256-WQx0Y6LLZeGv3V3NVVge+YIL5MIOt45RPuFdkyNodls=').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous')

	title = decodeURIComponent(document.location.pathname.replace(/.*\//, '').replace(/\.html$/, ''))
	document.title = '《' + title.replace(/\.md$/, '') + '》'
	tbody = div.add('table').add('tbody')
	tbody.add('tr').add('th').text(title).attr('class', 'octicon-book')
	tbody.add('tr').add('td').add('div').attr('id', 'readme').attr('class', 'markdown-body')

	wait = function (name, callback) {
		var interval = 10; // ms
		window.setTimeout(function() {
			if (window[name]) {
				callback(window[name])
			} else {
				window.setTimeout(arguments.callee, interval)
			}
		}, interval)
	}
	wait('marked', function() {
		document.getElementById("readme").innerHTML = marked.parse(bodytext)
	})

	document.body.appendChild(div.element)
}()
</script>

<style>
body {
	margin: 0;
	font-family: "ubuntu", "Tahoma", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, Serif;
}
.markdown-body {
	float: left;
	font-family: "ubuntu", "Tahoma", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, Serif;
}
.container {
	padding-right: 15px;
	padding-left: 15px;
	margin-right: auto;
	margin-left: auto;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
	.container {
		max-width: 80%;
	}
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
	.container {
		max-width: 70%;
	}
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
	.container {
		max-width: 60%;
	}
}
table {
	width: 100%;
	max-width: 100%;
	margin-bottom: 20px;
	border: 1px solid #ddd;
	padding: 0;
	border-collapse: collapse;
}
table th {
	font-size: 14px;
}
table tr {
	border: 1px solid #ddd;
	padding: 5px;
}
table th, table td {
	border: 1px solid #ddd;
	font-size: 14px;
	line-height: 20px;
	padding: 3px;
	text-align: left;
}
.octicon-book {
	background-position: center left;
	background-repeat: no-repeat;
	padding-left: 20px;
	background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='16' height='16' viewBox='0 0 16 16'%3E%3Cpath d='M3,5 L7,5 L7,6 L3,6 L3,5 L3,5 Z M3,8 L7,8 L7,7 L3,7 L3,8 L3,8 Z M3,10 L7,10 L7,9 L3,9 L3,10 L3,10 Z M14,5 L10,5 L10,6 L14,6 L14,5 L14,5 Z M14,7 L10,7 L10,8 L14,8 L14,7 L14,7 Z M14,9 L10,9 L10,10 L14,10 L14,9 L14,9 Z M16,3 L16,12 C16,12.55 15.55,13 15,13 L9.5,13 L8.5,14 L7.5,13 L2,13 C1.45,13 1,12.55 1,12 L1,3 C1,2.45 1.45,2 2,2 L7.5,2 L8.5,3 L9.5,2 L15,2 C15.55,2 16,2.45 16,3 L16,3 Z M8,3.5 L7.5,3 L2,3 L2,12 L8,12 L8,3.5 L8,3.5 Z M15,3 L9.5,3 L9,3.5 L9,12 L15,12 L15,3 L15,3 Z' /%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}
</style>